Tag Archives: Italy

According to collegesanduniversitiesinusa, the educational history of Italy is long and varied, with a range of different approaches to education being taken over the centuries. In ancient times, education was largely restricted to the upper classes, with the majority of the population having limited access to formal schooling. During the Middle Ages, religious organizations and monasteries played a large role in providing education for those who could afford it. By the Renaissance period, more widespread educational provision was made available through private schools and universities as well as through public institutions such as hospitals and orphanages. In modern times, Italian education has undergone significant reforms since unification in 1861. The most prominent of these reforms was introduced in 1923 when Benito Mussolini’s fascist government established a centralized state-controlled system known as ‘scuola dell’obbligo’. This system aimed to provide all children between the ages of 6 and 14 with free compulsory primary schooling under strict state supervision, while secondary schooling remained largely private. Today, Italy’s education system is divided into three main levels: primary (scuola primaria), secondary (scuola secondaria di primo grado) and tertiary (università). Primary schooling is compulsory for children aged 6-14 and lasts for 5 years; secondary school is optional but highly encouraged; while tertiary level comprises both university degrees and professional courses. Additionally, there are also a number of technical institutes offering vocational training courses in various fields such as engineering or business administration. Overall, then it can be said that Italy has a long history of educational reform that has resulted in an increasingly accessible system of formal learning for its citizens today. With an emphasis on both academic achievement and vocational training, Italy’s educational system provides its citizens with a range of opportunities to pursue their dreams and develop their skillset at all levels. In 2009, Italy was a member of the European Union and a founding member of the Eurozone. The country had been led by Silvio Berlusconi since 2001, with his government leaning towards right-wing policies. This period was characterized by high levels of public debt, increased levels of unemployment, and economic stagnation. At the international level, Italy sought to strengthen its ties with other European countries in order to promote regional integration. It was an active participant in various regional organizations such as the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) and the Council of Europe (CoE). The country also supported the United Nations’ efforts to ensure global security and stability through its membership in NATO. Within Europe itself, Italy was part of several bilateral agreements designed to increase economic ties between states. It had strong ties with France, Germany, Austria, Spain and Greece; it also enjoyed good relations with many other countries such as Turkey, Russia and Bulgaria. The country’s relationship with the United States remained strong during this period as well; indeed, President Obama visited Rome in July 2009 during his first official visit to Europe as president. Domestically speaking, Italy had recently undergone some political reforms that sought to decentralize power away from Rome and towards local governments throughout the country. This included measures such as allowing elected mayors more autonomy over their cities’ budgets and allowing citizens direct access to city halls through “citizen forums” where they could voice their opinions on matters pertaining to their communities. Overall, then it can be said that at the start of 2009 Italy was a stable nation whose foreign policy focused on strengthening regional integration within Europe while maintaining good relations with other countries around the world. Domestically speaking it had recently undergone some political reforms which sought to decentralize power away from Rome towards local governments throughout Italy. Check mathgeneral for Italy in 2017.